Almost every seagoing job shares the same starting requirements — basic safety training and a medical certificate — before the paths diverge. What you choose next (deck, engine, or a specialist track) shapes your certification roadmap, contract patterns and pay ceiling for years.
Before you apply anywhere
Three things are universal across the industry, regardless of rank or vessel type.
STCW Basic Safety Training
Personal survival techniques, fire prevention and firefighting, first aid, and personal safety and social responsibility — the universal entry course.
Seafarer medical fitness certificate
A medical exam confirming you're fit for sea service, issued by an approved physician (commonly referred to as ENG1 or equivalent depending on jurisdiction).
Seaman's book & passport
Most flag states require a seafarer identity document in addition to a passport valid for the length of your expected contracts.
Choosing a path: deck, engine, or specialist
Each path has a different day-to-day focus and a different certification ladder.
| Path | Focus | Entry rating |
|---|---|---|
| Deck | Navigation, cargo, ship handling | Ordinary Seaman (OS) |
| Engine | Propulsion, machinery, technical systems | Wiper |
| Offshore support | DP positioning, towing, anchor handling | Deck or engine rating + DP/towing endorsement |
| Catering | Galley, accommodation, hospitality | Messman / Galley Boy |
What to expect from a first contract
First contracts are usually 4-9 months for deep-sea cargo and tanker positions, shorter for offshore support roles. Expect a learning curve in your first weeks regardless of prior shore-based experience — the watchkeeping rhythm and shipboard routine take adjustment even for people coming from related industries.